Physiotherapy Question Bank

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1. The athlete sitting with shoulder pulled backward and downward. The arm is in 30 degree of abduction and extension. Name the special test for thoracic outlet syndrome:

The military brace (costoclavicular) test positions the shoulders down and back to narrow the costoclavicular space and compress the neurovascular bundle, reproducing thoracic outlet symptoms. Adson's and Allen's tests use different provocative positions, so the described down-and-back bracing posture identifies the military brace test.

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2. The mechanism of adductor strain is:

Groin/adductor strains classically occur during forceful concentric or eccentric adductor activity combined with the hip moving into external rotation and abduction (e.g., a cutting or kicking motion), which lengthens and loads the adductor unit. The keyed option describes this concentric contraction with external rotation and abduction.

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3. For hypomobile segment, which glide is commonly used?

For a hypomobile (restricted) spinal segment, a posteroanterior (PA) central glide is the common mobilization used to restore extension and segmental motion. PA pressure is the standard Maitland technique applied to increase mobility of a stiff segment.

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4. Syndactyly means:

Syndactyly is the congenital fusion or webbing of adjacent digits (fingers or toes), so 'webbing of toes' is correct. Polydactyly refers to extra digits and is a separate anomaly.

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5. Use of which special test has improved the accuracy and shortened the time to 2 weeks in the diagnosis of femoral stress fracture?

The fulcrum test applies a lever-type bending force to the femoral shaft, eliciting focal pain over a femoral stress fracture; it improves diagnostic accuracy and can shorten time to diagnosis to about two weeks. It is a simple clinical screen prompting earlier imaging.

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6. In ulnar collateral ligament injury the most painful phase of throwing is?

In ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injury of the elbow, the late cocking phase places maximal valgus stress on the medial elbow, making it the most painful phase. The question labels this as 'cocking up,' which corresponds to that valgus-loaded phase.

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7. How much upper extremity strength should an athlete recovering from a stinger's syndrome regain before returning to play?

Before return to play after a stinger/burner, an athlete should regain full (100%) strength, painless full cervical and upper extremity range of motion, and a normal neurologic exam. Returning with less than full strength risks recurrent injury.

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8. Which one is the differential diagnosis for medial elbow pain?

Medial elbow pain has a broad differential including ulnar collateral ligament injury, ulnar neuropathy at the cubital tunnel, and snapping medial triceps tendon, so 'all of the above' is correct. These conditions frequently coexist in throwing athletes.

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9. Hallux Saltans is the tendinosis of which tendon?

Hallux saltans ('trigger toe') is a stenosing tenosynovitis/tendinosis of the flexor hallucis longus, often as it passes behind the medial malleolus, causing triggering of the great toe. Hence the FHL tendon is the answer.

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10. The mechanism of ACL injury in non contact sports is:

Non-contact ACL injuries result from several mechanisms including deceleration with strong quadriceps pull, hyperextension, and pivoting/skiing-type forces, so 'all of the above' is correct. Forceful quadriceps contraction with the knee near extension produces anterior tibial translation that stresses the ACL.